Real-Time Quality Management in the Automotive Industry

A Case Study on the Strategic Initiatives for Reducing Costs and Remaining Competitive Real-Time Quality Management in the Automotive Industry: Copyright  © 2008 InfinityQS International Table of Contents I. Continuous Improvement in the Automotive Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 II. Statistical Process Control: A Scientific Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 III. A Case Study in SPC for Continuous Improvement: Cooper Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 I. Continuous Improvement in the Automotive Industry Over the last 30 years, the manufacturing industry has undergone a notable shift in terms of pushing geographic and cultural†¦show more content†¦The core objectives of SPC are to provide productivity and quality information about production processes in real-time. The principles of SPC take into account the following: All processes have unique characteristics or hidden personalities that are inherent within them Data analysis provides in depth understanding of process variations and identifies improvement opportunities Success in real-time SPC requires that measurement data be accurate, and collected in a timely manner. Various gauging devices are used to ensure that a specific measurement is taken and recorded. SPC software programs collect and store this data, analyzing it and creating graphs instantaneously. As a factory floor application, that can be extended up to corporate offices and throughout the enterprise, SPC software delivers vital quality data upstream to Manu facturing Execution Systems (MES). By integrating live production data into enterprise-wise systems, SPC plays a vital role in the business’ continuous improvement strategy. SPC solutions are designed to allow companies to plan and structure long-term strategies and bring short term quality improvements into view. The scope, detail and accessibility of quality data helps manufacturing facilities avoid unscheduled downtime. Analyzing tool wear metrics gives quality departments the opportunity to minimize downtime by creating detailed maintenance schedules that extend out forShow MoreRelatedProject Management : The Automotive Industry Essay1657 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract. The automotive industry is a wide field of connecting many engineering and scientific fields together in one systematic place. A lot of changes has occurred on this field since it came into existence. Because it’s a whole system of science and engineering, it is affected by a lot of factors and needs to adapt according to changes in these factors. 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Post Mortem Free Essays

Victorian post mortem photography was a custom prevalent in Europe and, to some lesser extent, the United States. It was a culture where people used to pose for photographs with their deceased loved ones for memory purposes. This was a way through which families could mourn and accept the loss of their loved ones. We will write a custom essay sample on Post Mortem or any similar topic only for you Order Now Remembrance encouraged the practice of post mortem photography since most people, especially infants and young adults, were photographed together with their family members to keep their memories alive. This paper will argue that many individuals from the Victorian era who participated in post mortem photography were heavily influenced by religious beliefs that in time developed into religious fixations. Post mortem photography is defined by modern psychiatry as an aspect of acute grief, which occurs in the early aftermath of a death. Acute grief can be intensely painful and is often characterized by behaviors and emotions that would be considered unusual in normal everyday life. Some individuals from the Victorian era (1837-1902), who believed in post mortem photography, saw their life here as an entrance to eternal life in heaven. However, these individuals from the Victorian era further believed in freeing the soul so that it was not enslaved in the body after death and further believed that post mortem photography would so free the soul of the deceased. Background: Even though post mortem photography and the dead have a long history, most associate post-mortem photography to the Victorian period in Europe and, to some lesser extent, the United States. Post-mortem photography was very popular in this 19th century period because the invention of the first photographic process, daguerreotype (a photographic process, which a picture on a silver surface sensitizes tit iodine was developed by exposure to mercury vapor, invented in 1839) made photography much more affordable. Daguerreotype photography was embraced since it was cheap and fast as compared to drawing; this faster and cheaper technique also offered the middle class with a way to remember the deceased. Basically meaning, that those authorizing a post-mortem photographic sketch of a relative or friend also had the financial ability to meet the cost. Because of post mortem photography new nature, society embraced the daguerreotype quickly without having a second thought. â€Å"Post- mortem photography thrived in hydrotherapy ancient decades, among costumers who preferred to posses a photo of their deceased members as compared to lacking a memory. † (Cornwall, 2004, p. 61). The photographs were used as keepsakes to remember family and friends. Some photographers dedicated a substantial portion of their time to photograph the deceased. The strict relation between post mortem photography and the Victorian period inclines to overlook a number of variables. For instance, post mortem photography is still appreciated today in the same way as it was in the 19th century (Carmichael, 1966, p. 53). Nevertheless, there is a limited amount of photographers wrought the United States who still perform post mortem photography, and death masks. However, many modern post mortem photos put less effort on giving the deceased a life-like appearance, and instead captures pictures of the deceased in coffins. Main Point 1: During the Victorian era, it was clear there were bizarre superstitions and rituals that families abided by to ensure their loved ones got the proper burial. In addition, to the bizarre superstitions and rituals, during the Victorian era some individuals participated in witchcraft and Joined cults. Victorian society was full of bizarre prepositions and rituals, like covering all mirrors with black fabric when someone died. Most people participated in this bizarre superstitions and rituals because it was feared that the mirror could steal the decease’s soul and keep it. Also, during the Victorian era many individuals in Europe and, to some lesser extent, the United States believed in death omens, which is an indicator that the person who is visited by bad spirits is going to die. For instance, seeing themselves in dreams, or seeing an owl during the day. Main Point 2: An initial dwelling of the deceased is considered to be normal. However, Jean Calenderer, a researcher at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill of Victorian ghost stories and early psychology, describes acute grief as pathological (meaning evidence of being mentally disturbed). It then becomes a fixation. (Spirit Photography: Victorian Culture of Mourning, 17). These bizarre superstitions and rituals were really Just symptoms of some deeper-seated pathological issues. Prevailing Theories There are other psychological answers to the obsession with the deceased. Post mortem photography in and of itself is not necessarily evidence of some sort of pathological issue. Even though the today’s society looks at post mortem photography as a morbid action, most of us still practice it in various ways. Only the actual real life posing for the pictures is what has been abandoned. People have cultural practices that make them still value the practice of post mortem photography for purposes of remembrance. Also, the practice of post mortem photography is still essential in some religions, such as for Catholics, who cherish respecting the deed for several reasons. One is the continued need to memorial the deceased using a worshiped treasure, such as a photograph. A second reason is to maintain the continuity of church growth and ideas, as the process of the passing down of information regarding certain prominent church personalities and how they dedicated their life to serve could trigger the use of post mortem photography. This is because in current society, we identify ourselves with these people. Post mortem photography also is currently used in criminal investigations. The use of post mortem photography is essential in ensuring that even the dead can be accorded Justice. Post mortem photos are often used as aids to deduce the cause of death of an individual, specially in a case where the death occurred under mysterious circumstances. This shows that the current use of post mortem photography in our Justice system is justifiable. Documentation does have limits. For example, in a massacre, for purposes of evidence, it is essential for the Journalist and people concerned to take pictures of the dead, but to be able to pose them for the public is not accepted. Nature always exposes human beings to challenges that need to be recorded for future generations. The use of post mortem photography as a record for future reference is commendable. For instance, in the field of anthropology, photographic communication of events is essential for they act as proof of what actually happened. Though, some people depict this as uncultured to some extent. There are certain photos that anthropologists would use, but societal moral values and beliefs restrict the use of such photos. Yet, in order to validate the scientific findings, it is still justifiable to use post mortem anthropology to achieve this purpose regardless of societal values. Rebuttal People today are scared of death, it is not perceived as in the early 19th century when people used to take death as a normal thing. Death was more of a way of life urine the Victorian era for several reasons. Mothers died in childbirth, children died from preventable diseases, adults lived much shorter life spans. Modern medicine and technology have eliminated all of these as concerns. Celebrations such as Halloween show how people today are scared of death, as, for example, the masks used are normally from images related to death. They are intended to scare people, but at the same time they actually depict what was meant for post mortem photography. People avoid death, it is still something that happens to all of us eventually, but modern society has made it into something to be afraid of, something o scare little children and something to be kept at a distance. Most people no longer associate death as being a normal event as in the 19th century. Thus, what occurred in the 19th century was more related to trying to understand death as a normal part of life, not a pathological condition requiring medical treatment. Conclusion Even though post mortem photography was mostly attributed to the Victorian era, today people still practice this through recordings as keepsakes, the taking of post mortem pictures for use in our Justice system, the use of methods such as tattoos rented on our skin, graffiti painted on our cars and walls, images and pictures of the dead in their graves, as well as statues. We are not running away from death and post mortem photography, but we are only distancing ourselves from death while adopting other ways to remember the departed ones. How to cite Post Mortem, Papers

Project Management of Lecture Theater LT13 at Burwood campus

Question: Discuss about the Advanced Project Management of Lecture Theater LT13 at Burwood campus. Answer: Introduction This project depicts the role of technology as well as construction oriented refurbishment in a lecture theatre located in building HC at the Burwood. The project manager is co-ordinate with all the aspects of this development measures. During the development of the project certain phases are needed to be maintained by the project manager such as initiating the project, planning for the project, execution as well as closure of project. For successful accomplishment of the project, project manager should control and monitor the progress accurately. For reducing the work burden the project manager should divide the work load among the project team members. In this project the brief description of lecture theatre 13 is represented. Apart from that, the tender schedule, the tender validity period the tender process are also elaborated in this paper. In addition to this, the status of the tender processes, its information and documentation are also illustrated in this paper. While developing the project, the main concern that the project manager should consider is its security. The obligation of the tenders, the warranty of the tenders and while conducting the project the ethical aspects that should be considered are also elaborated in this project. Brief description of LT13 project The project refurbishment of lecture theatre, is focused to developing the current condition of the project in terms constriction. The project is planned to commence on 19th 2015 and complete on 15th 2016. Before developing the project, the project manager will choose the project sponsor, who will sponsor the required project budget. It has been analyzed that the exiting accommodation for the theatre is very small in order to grab more number of audiences; the theatre owner is willing to increase its overall capacity. Previously the theater has only 2D projector however after the modification they will implement 3 dimension projectors also. For developing the construction site certain experienced interior designers are also hired. Both the project contractor and sub constructors should possess leadership quality for avoiding intra-organizational and inter organizational conflicts. The components those are maintained by the project manager include compliance with the tender condition, customer service, industry experience, management and management, staffing levels and experiences. Scope and deliverables of LT13 project Scope of LT13 project The scope of the project is focused towards the refurbishments work in a lecture theatre located in HC at the Burwood. The work includes different activities and not just limited to co-ordination and management of painting throughout, it will reconstruct the projector wall, seating and floor covers also. The builders of the construction project allows three consecutive week in their program for the Deakin Solution. Deliverable of LT13 project The project deliverables are as follows: To provide newly decorated and interior designed a lecture theatre located in Burwood To deliver higher range of accommodation to the audiences To provide re-plastered projection wall To develop the floor covering To involve management of painting throughout Project management practice/methodology The management of project is at the heart of what makes construction projects successful. While it manages the specialized sides of planning and execution, it additionally requires a people part, where project directors need to work with the individual needs of the manufacturers, stakeholders, and group (Kerzner 2013). The project management methodology that can be introduced for the LT13 project to refurbish the existing lecture theatre hall of Burwood campus are as illustrated as below: Waterfall or Traditional Project Management: Waterfall project management is the most well-known type of construction project management strategies. This strategy is on the other hand otherwise called conventional project management that includes clear points of reference between each task as there are set due dates, expectations and customer desires composed on an unmistakable course of events (Turner 2014). One of the principle experts to the waterfall strategy is that it enables a group to center the entire of their consideration on every perspective enabling designers to guarantee great advancement at each stage. It additionally keeps little subtle elements from being disregarded and can anticipate similarity issues later on in usage. Agile Construction Management: Agile construction management takes the adaptability of lithe programming advancement and applies it to development. A contractual worker may need to utilize distinctive materials for example, on the grounds that the ones determined by the designer are inaccessible around then. Access to a site or to assets might be blocked, adding to the issues (McNeil, Frey and Embrechts 2015). The tasks associated with construction are then regularly took care of utilizing spontaneous creation and therefore it winds up noticeably hard to track project plans and oversee basic way exercises. Coordinated construction management helps by: Breaking down the project conveyance into littler, more reasonable parts that for this situation are not really accessible to be reordered, but rather that can be better overseen and followed to consummation. Focusing on time management and consistent, visit audits to enhance project budgetary management, particularly in the territories of efficiency and benefit (Burke 2013). Opening the way to nonstop change by urging specialists to collaborate and to give their contribution back to construction supervisors on the most proficient method to improve and quicker. Critical Chain: The construction critical path method (CPM) is a technique that can be used by project managers, frequently with their plan for management of construction projects to help understand the best steps to take to finish the project capably. This fundamental methodology is considered as one of the most regularly and conceivably used technique for planning of construction projects. Critical chain, then again, takes a look at the longest chain considering assignment and asset conditions (Svejvig and Andersen 2015). This methodology is characterized as the longest chain considering undertaking and asset conditions. This implies both the assignment and assets in a project are booked. It is essentially unique in relation to the basic way that exclusive considers undertaking conditions. In the event that an assignment reliance exists, a successor undertaking can just endless supply of the antecedent task, however this expect the required assets will be accessible. Basic chain te chnique comprises of two sections, one is specialized, the acknowledgment of the significance of asset conditions while arranging the project (Turner 2016). Also, besides, an ability to challenge the present ideal models grasping another mindset. Project management technique/tool for each PMBOK area The project management tools and techniques for the PMBOK areas that could be used by the project management team in managing construction phase of the LT13 project at Burwood are illustrated as below: Project Integration Management: Change control is one of the apparatuses and method that can be utilized as a part of this PMBOK range. Change control is the method through which all sales to change the benchmark degree of a venture, program or portfolio are gotten, evaluated and after that attested, expels or surrendered (Mir and Pinnington 2014). In standard change models where augmentation is all around portrayed ideal on time in the life cycle, it is fundamental for accomplishment that movements to baselined degree are controlled. An exhaustive change control get ready must be set up and kept up on all assignments, tasks and portfolios. Project Scope Management: The Group decision making method is one of the appropriate strategies and apparatuses in this PMBOK range. Basic leadership in gatherings is difficult for instance, the gathering may energize and decline to achieve accord or it might shape a gathering think and adhere to a natural commonly satisfactory choice without considering better choices (Hill 2013). Learning of collective choice making systems can help managers adequately direct cooperative choice making forms. Project Time Management: PERT termed as Program Evaluation Review Technique as well as Gantt Charts are the two most commonly used tools for time management in projects. The PERT is a tool for planning as well as control that is utilized for distinguishing as controlling the tasks based on priority to accomplish the project on time (Snyder 2014). Gantt charts as well as Critical Path Method (CPM) outlines are routinely used on the other hand; the principle complexity is the methods by which task times are enlisted. Both graphs demonstrate the total venture with each and every arranged task showed up in course of action. The indicated assignments exhibit which ones are in parallel, those endeavors that can be performed meanwhile. Project Cost Management: Bottom up estimation technique uses the appraisals of individual work packs which are then sketched out or "climbed" to choose a general cost evaluate for the venture (Heagney 2016). This sort of estimate is generally more exact than various methodologies since it is investigating costs from a more granular perspective. Project Quality Management: Control charts are utilized to outline the dependability of a procedure. This quality control apparatus gages the conduct of a procedure after some time. In the event that, amid the recorded time, prepare indicates unsatisfactory difference, the procedure is considered precarious. Project Human Resource Management: Stakeholder examination is an essential bit of working up an accommodating Engagement Plan. Stakeholder Matrix is considered as an essential tool for management of stakeholders in a project (Marcelino-Sadaba et al. 2014). This is the place stakeholders are plotted against two elements. These variables may plot the level of "stake" in the consequences of the venture against "resources" of the stakeholder. Another is the "criticalness" of the stakeholder against the "effect" of the stakeholder. Project Communications Management: Weekly Status Reports as formal composed communication is a decent approach to occasionally ponder the project and record advance (Martinelli and Milosevic 2016). The week by week status report is arranged and conveyed to all required in the project to pass on the comprehension of project advance and to present project risks in a formal, recorded way. Project Risk Management: The risk register is considered to be one of the most powerful technique for management of risks in a project. It helps to track the risks throughout the entire lifecycle of a project. It acts like a preview of the various existing or new risks in the project (Hartono et al. 2014). Chance registers are ordinarily Excel spreadsheets. Also has keeping the project on track, they're valuable for giving data to the lessons learnt record. Project Procurement Management: Expert judgment and gatherings is one of the reasonable procedures for management of obtainments in a project. It is utilized by asking the general population who either are expert at a specific topic territory, for this situation obtainment management or who are expert in acquisition management with comparable undertakings previously (Too and Weaver 2014). Project Stakeholder Management: A few connections with stakeholders will be in one-on-one gatherings. Different circumstances, the communication with stakeholders should be possible by making introductions (Newton 2016). Still others will require to convey through report or other composed strategies. Every one of these circumstances are considered management aptitudes. Major impacts of proposed project management techniques/tools The major impacts of the proposed tools and techniques for management of projects are being categorized into different aspects and described as below: Impact on stakeholders: Stakeholders' interests can be overseen through stakeholder gatherings and particular client boards giving contribution to a necessity determination. Stakeholders with concerns in monetary context ought to know the potential return of the venture's outcomes (Lock 2014). Others will support ventures if there is sound evidence of their impetus to upgrading operations, boosting bit of the general business, extending era, or meeting other association goals. Impact on human resource: The firmly organized project association has a tendency to limit cross-hierarchical communication. Communication streams here and there, however descending communication is to a great extent for control purposes and upward communication is regularly twisted to give a positive impression of advance (Mir and Pinnington 2014). Impact on quality: Project Quality Assurance is an executing procedure worried with general process change of the exercises and procedures embraced to accomplish quality. On the off chance that the nature of both process and exercises enhances, then the nature of expectations ought to enhance too, conveying likewise positive ramifications to the next five project requirements (time, scope, cost, assets, and risk). Impact on time: The appropriate estimation of time is an essential ability to manage projects efficiently and for good project management. The estimation of time drives the setting of due dates for conveyance as well as arranging of activities thus affecting on appraisal of dependability by other individuals and skill as a project manager (Reiss 2013). Impact on cost management: Management of costs and also other project ascribes that add to cost, is a critical test confronted by project supervisors consistently. Luckily project directors have different instruments accessible that can be utilized to adequately oversee project costs while effectively achieving all project undertakings and expectations (Kuster et al. 2015). The test is to see the majority of the elements that add to project expenses and utilizing the devices accessible at the correct circumstances and for the correct reasons. Evaluation of the effectiveness of one chosen technique/tool Expert judgment is utilized widely to survey the sources of info and procedures sent to build up the project contract. It is regularly prescribed as one among the best instruments and strategies in the project management forms. Specialists are dealt with as resources in any association and give contributions to arranging and evaluating any movement as their feelings are thought to be pivotal. The specialists can be stakeholders or clients (Cameron and Green 2015). Expert Judgment is one of the best acknowledged methodologies and most helpful too amid the arranging periods of numerous exercises. The approach spares the time amid the arranging as well as highlights risks to be considered while executing. It additionally enhances the nature of the appraisals and gives precise estimates. The part of the expert is particularly required amid the arranging and risk distinguishing proof procedures (Andler 2016). Arranging and risk distinguishing proof are extremely basic to project achieveme nt. Especially enormous and complex undertakings, the project administrator dependably searches for specialists or experts from outside to settle on impartial and precise choices. One of the essential risks in a project is wrong estimates. This will affect the project execution. Industry discoveries says that 60% of undertakings do not meet project execution criteria (Time, cost and extension goals). The expert judgment approach gives exact estimate as proposed before (Too and Weaver 2014). Risk distinguishing proof is another critical zone which must be done ahead of schedule in a project life cycle. Unidentified risks are risks to the project's prosperity. The risk management exercises begin simply in the wake of recognizing the potential risks in a project. The views of experts are considered all through the risk management procedures to decrease the effect of the project risks. Expert judgment is inescapable amid the project life cycle and sorted over all learning zones in powerful project management. Conclusion From the overall discussion it can be concluded that in order to gain commercial benefit from the marketplace the Lecture theatre is required to maintain rather develop their existing condition both in terms of technology and construction as well. Before implementation of the project the project manager should develop feasibility study and budget estimation. Most part of the development is based upon the construction. The lecture theatre is willing to make co-ordinate and management for painting throughout, the process of re-plastering for the projection wall and new floor covering and seats as well. References Andler, N., 2016.Tools for project management, workshops and consulting: a must-have compendium of essential tools and techniques. John Wiley Sons. Burke, R., 2013. Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Cameron, E. and Green, M., 2015.Making sense of change management: a complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Hartono, B., Sulistyo, S.R., Praftiwi, P.P. and Hasmoro, D., 2014. Project risk: Theoretical concepts and stakeholders' perspectives.International Journal of Project Management,32(3), pp.400-411. Heagney, J., 2016.Fundamentals of project management. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Hill, G.M., 2013.The complete project management office handbook. CRC Press. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Kuster, J., Huber, E., Lippmann, R., Schmid, A., Schneider, E., Witschi, U. and Wst, R., 2015. Project Management: Key Theoretical Concepts. InProject Management Handbook(pp. 13-17). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Lock, M.D., 2014.The essentials of project management. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. Marcelino-Sdaba, S., Prez-Ezcurdia, A., Lazcano, A.M.E. and Villanueva, P., 2014. Project risk management methodology for small firms.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), pp.327-340. Martinelli, R.J. and Milosevic, D.Z., 2016.Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley Sons. McNeil, A.J., Frey, R. and Embrechts, P., 2015.Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques and tools. Princeton university press. Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), pp.202-217. Newton, R., 2016.Project management step by step: how to plan and manage a highly successful project. Pearson UK. Reiss, G., 2013.Project management demystified: Today's tools and techniques. Routledge. Snyder, C.S., 2014. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge: PMBOK () Guide. Project Management Institute. Svejvig, P. and Andersen, P., 2015. Rethinking project management: A structured literature review with a critical look at the brave new world.International Journal of Project Management,33(2), pp.278-290. Too, E.G. and Weaver, P., 2014. The management of project management: A conceptual framework for project governance.International Journal of Project Management,32(8), pp.1382-1394. Turner, J.R., 2014.The handbook of project-based management(Vol. 92). New York, NY: McGraw-hill. Turner, R., 2016.Gower handbook of project management. Routledge.